Propagating citrus plants at home is an effective and economical way to expand your garden. This method works for various citrus species, including lemons, oranges, and tangerines. Additionally, it can be used for guava, though it is slightly more challenging. Jabuticaba, on the other hand, requires a different process due to its slow growth.

Selecting the Right Cutting

To successfully propagate a citrus plant, choose a suitable branch. It should not be too young or green but rather a semi-hardwood cutting with a slightly thicker stem. The right cutting will provide better support for root development.

Preparing the Cutting

  1. Trimming the Cutting: Remove the top portion of the branch carefully, ensuring that any secondary branches attached to it are also removed.
  2. Leaf Removal: To reduce transpiration and prevent dehydration, remove most of the leaves, except for a few at the top. This small number of leaves will help maintain the movement of nutrients and moisture within the cutting.
  3. Identifying Growth Nodes: The small bumps where leaves once grew, known as lateral buds, are crucial as they serve as the rooting points. It is essential not to damage these buds during the preparation process.
  4. Scraping the Stem: Gently scrape the outer layer of the stem between the nodes. This exposes the cambium layer, which enhances the chances of root formation. Be careful not to damage the lateral buds in the process.

Planting the Cutting

  1. Choosing the Right Soil: Use well-draining, loose soil to ensure proper aeration. A good-quality black soil works well.
  2. Planting Depth: Create a hole in the soil and insert the cutting deep enough to stabilize it. Press the soil around the cutting to secure it firmly and promote good contact between the stem and the soil.
  3. Watering: Water generously after planting. Continue watering every four days to keep the soil moist but not overly saturated.
  4. Ideal Environment: Place the pot in a well-lit area but avoid direct sunlight. A bright but shaded location is ideal for preventing excessive stress on the cutting.

Growth and Root Development

  • Monitoring Root Growth: In approximately 30 days, new roots will begin to form. During this period, do not pull the cutting from the soil to check for roots, as this may disturb the process.
  • First Signs of Success: The cutting is successfully rooting if new growth and budding appear on the stem.
  • Gradual Sun Exposure: After about a month, gradually introduce the plant to indirect sunlight for 3–4 hours a day to strengthen it.
  • Patience is Key: In three to six months, the plant will be well-established and ready for transplantation or further growth.

Final Thoughts

With the right approach, propagating citrus plants is simple and rewarding. By following these steps carefully, you can grow healthy citrus plants at home with minimal effort.

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